Age and Fertility

Explore the fertility timeline by age and understand how egg quantity, egg quality and hormonal changes affect fertility over time.

Fertility Timeline by Age

Late teens to late 20s: Fertility is at its highest. About 85% of women will conceive within one year of regular, unprotected sex. The monthly chance of natural pregnancy is around 25% per cycle.
Early 30s (30–34): Fertility remains relatively good, but a slow decline begins. About 75% of women will conceive within a year, and the monthly chance per cycle drops to about 20%.
Late 30s (35–39): The rate of fertility decline speeds up significantly. By age 35, roughly 66% of women conceive within a year. Egg quality and quantity decrease faster, and the risk of miscarriage begins to rise.
Age 40 and over: Fertility drops sharply. The chance of natural pregnancy falls to about 5% or less per cycle, and about 44% of women can conceive within a year. Chromosomal abnormalities in remaining eggs increase, which raises the risk of miscarriage.

Egg Quantity: Women are born with a fixed number of eggs (about 1 to 2 million), which naturally reduces to roughly 300,000 to 400,000 by puberty and continues to drop every month.
Egg Quality: Older eggs have a higher chance of genetic and chromosomal errors, making healthy fertilization harder and miscarriage more likely.
Hormonal Changes: Natural shifts in hormones during a woman's late 30s and 40s can cause irregular cycles and missed ovulation.

Our specialists can review your fertility history and explain your treatment options.